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Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is an expansive disorder that affects aspects of behavior, social relations, communication skills, and more. What autism research lacks is a fundamental understanding of the underlying mechanisms that cause these symptoms. Autism is currently understood to be a behavioral disorder, and therefore it is important to establish the underlying brain functions that cause these deficits. A basic understanding of the neural underpinnings of ASD will allow for future research into more accessible and functional treatments for children with autism, specifically in their ability to functionally communicate. Further, this understanding may help to diagnose and treat ASD at an earlier age, which significantly increases a child’s chances of improving or recovering. The purpose of this paper is to collectively critique the research and treatments available in ASD in order to identify their important underlying neural causes.

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